Definition: A nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor first approved by FDA in 1987. AZT is used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV infection in adults and children 3 months to 12 years of age. Also FDA approved (08/08/94) for use in HIV-infected pregnant women beginning between 14 and 34 weeks gestation and during labor. Once the baby is born newborn babies of HIV-infected mothers are given AZT to prevent HIV infection as a result of HIV exposure during gestation and delivery.
The use of AZT in pregnant women and newborns has dramatically decreased the incidence of vertical transmission; transmission from mother to baby. Without AZT, 1 in 4 babies will be infected by their HIV-positive moms during gestation and delivery. With AZT, the rate of infection falls to 1-3 percent.
The adult dose of AZT is 300mg twice daily as part of an HIV multidrug regimen. That dose is decreased in children and in people with kidney disease.
Also Known As: AZT, Retrovir
