The HIV Life Cycle - Step By Step
One of the essential proteins needed for HIV replication is an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. Reverse transcriptase helps the single stranded RNA convert to the double stranded DNA. DNA is the essential building block of all life, including HIV. NRTI's or "nukes" block reverse transcriptase, preventing the transformation from RNA to DNA. Without the DNA, HIV is unable to make functional copies of itself and its proliferation in the body is halted.
There are several NRTI's available.
- Combivir (AZT & Epivir)
- Epivir (Lamivudine)
- Zerit (D4T)
- Hivid (ddC)
- Videx & Videx EC (ddI)
- AZT (Retrovir)
- Ziagen (Abacavir)
- Trizivir (Abacavir + AZT + Epivir)
- Emtriva (emtricitabine)
- Epzicom (lamivudine + abacavir)
A class very similar to the the NRTI's and also referred to as "nukes" is the nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Currently there are two drugs in this class.
Important Warning!
Keep in mind that the NRTI's have been implicated with mitochondrial toxicity, resulting in the serious condition Lactic Acidosis. Make sure your doctor explains this condition to you prior to starting any regimen that contains an NRTI.
The key to successful HIV therapy is adherence. Taking your meds as prescribed each and everyday will help ward off resistance and provide you with effective medication therapy for a longer period of time. And the first step toward better adherence is knowing what you are taking.
This is one article in a series of HIV medication lessons offered by About.com. The series covers each class of medication, including links to individual meds, ending with a feature on adherence and resistance.
Take The First Step To Understanding Your HIV Medications
A Lesson In HIV Medications
